Python
A guide to Python programming.
Python is a versatile and high-level programming language known for its readability and simplicity. It is widely used in various domains, including web development, data analysis, and artificial intelligence.
Hello, World!
The most basic program in Python is the "Hello, World!" program, which outputs the string "Hello, World!" to the console.
print("Hello, World!")
Variables
In Python, variables are used to store data values. You don't need to declare the variable type explicitly, as Python is dynamically typed.
Example of Variable Assignment
# Example of variable assignment
name = "Alice" # String variable
age = 30 # Integer variable
height = 5.7 # Float variable
print(name, age, height)
Data Types
Python has several built-in data types, including:
- Strings: Textual data, e.g., "Hello"
- Integers: Whole numbers, e.g., 42
- Floats: Decimal numbers, e.g., 3.14
- Lists: Ordered collections, e.g., [1, 2, 3]
- Dictionaries: Key-value pairs, e.g., {"key": "value"}
Example: Simple List
Here's how to create and manipulate a list in Python:
# Creating a list
fruits = ["apple", "banana", "cherry"]
# Accessing list elements
print(fruits[0]) # Outputs: apple
# Adding an element
fruits.append("orange")
# Looping through the list
for fruit in fruits:
print(fruit)
Example: Function Definition
Functions in Python are defined using the def keyword. Here's a simple function that adds two numbers:
def add_numbers(a, b):
return a + b
result = add_numbers(5, 3)
print(result) # Outputs: 8